Iterambere ryimodoka zUbushinwa

Nkigice cyingenzi cyinganda zimodoka, inganda zimodoka zahoze zigengwa na sisitemu yubukungu iteganijwe.Byari bigarukira gusa mugutanga ibice bitandukanye byunganira umusaruro wimodoka zuzuye.Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubukungu bwimbere mu gihugu kuva mu myaka ya za 1980, imishinga n’ikoranabuhanga ry’amahanga byatangijwe kimwekimwe, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa mu gihugu zikomeje kwiyongera.Inganda zikora amamodoka nazo zagize impinduka nini.

1. Ishoramari ry’amahanga no kumenyekanisha no guhatanira isoko: Kuva ivugurura no gufungura, umubare munini w’ibigo byatewe inkunga n’amahanga byinjiye ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’imodoka mu Bushinwa, bidafasha gusa inganda z’imodoka kuzamura cyane muri rusange, ubushobozi bw’umusaruro urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga, ariko kandi rwateje igitutu cyo guhatanira imishinga yo murugo.Gutezimbere ibigo byimbere mugihugu guhora bitezimbere ubuziranenge, ikoranabuhanga, kwamamaza no mubindi bice.

2. Buhoro buhoro winjira mumasoko yisi yose: Hamwe niterambere rihoraho hamwe no gukura kwinganda zimodoka kumasoko yimbere mu gihugu, ibigo byimbere mugihugu bitanga buhoro buhoro ibicuruzwa byuzuzanya nabakora amamodoka yo murugo mugihe byohereza mumasoko yo hanze.Ijwi ryagiye ryiyongera.

3. Kwiyongera ku kigereranyo cyibikoresho bya serivisi: Mugihe umusaruro nogurisha ibinyabiziga bikomeje kwiyongera, icyifuzo cyo gufata neza ibinyabiziga kigenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro.Kubwibyo, mugihe ibigo bitanga umusaruro bishyigikira, icyifuzo cyibice byimodoka kumasoko nyuma yo kugurisha bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro.Bungukirwa no gukomeza gutera imbere mu bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga n’akamaro ko kurengera ibidukikije, inganda z’imodoka zikomeje kwerekana icyerekezo gishya cy’iterambere bitewe na politiki, ikoranabuhanga n’ibikenerwa n’abaguzi, kandi inganda z’imodoka zikomeje kwerekana inzira nshya z’iterambere..

4. Imodoka nshya zingufu: Kuva mu kinyejana cya 20, ubushakashatsi niterambere ryimodoka nshya zingufu zakozwe mumasosiyete menshi yimodoka.Hamwe n'akamaro ko kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ibitekerezo bishya byungutse nyuma yo kwinjira mu kinyejana cya 21.Mu myaka yashize, imodoka zabonye amahirwe mashya yiterambere.Igurishwa ry’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi meza n’ibinyabiziga bivangavanze ku masoko atandukanye ku isi byiyongereye buhoro buhoro, kandi kubaka ibikorwa remezo bifasha nko kwishyiriraho ibirundo byateye imbere buhoro buhoro.Ku masosiyete yimodoka, nkuko umugabane wisoko ryimodoka nshya zingufu zigenda ziyongera buhoro buhoro, bateri yimodoka, moteri, sisitemu yo kugenzura, nibindi bizazana umwanya mushya w isoko.

5, uburemere bwimodoka: Usibye ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, kubera ko kugabanya ibiro bishobora kugabanya cyane ikoreshwa rya lisansi yimodoka, bityo uburemere bwimodoka nabwo ni kimwe mu biyaga mu nganda z’imodoka mu rwego rwo kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.Vuba aha, intego yibinyabiziga byoroheje byibanze mugutezimbere imiterere yumubiri nibikoresho byoroheje.Ku mishinga ikora chassis yimodoka, ibice byumubiri, moteri nibindi bice, ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bworoshye bizaramba kugirango iterambere ryigihe kizaza.Ifite agaciro gakomeye.

6.Ubwenge: Mu myaka yashize, tekinolojiya mishya igaragara mu bijyanye na terefone zifite ubwenge n’ibikoresho byo mu rugo byoroheje byinjiye buhoro buhoro mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaguzi.Kubera iyo mpamvu, imodoka zifite ubwenge no gutwara abantu zitagira abapilote zahindutse ahantu hashyushye mu nganda z’imodoka mu myaka yashize.Bitewe niki cyerekezo, imikoranire yabantu na mudasobwa, sisitemu yimyidagaduro yimodoka, sisitemu yitumanaho, nibindi byitezwe ko bizahinduka umukunzi mushya winganda zikora ibinyabiziga, kandi bikazana amahirwe mashya yiterambere mumyaka mike iri imbere hamwe na kugarura inganda zo murugo muri 2016 hamwe nimodoka.Iterambere ry’umusaruro w’inganda n’igurisha ryongeye kwiyongera, kandi inganda z’imodoka nazo zatangiye kwiyongera.Iterambere ryiyongera ryibicuruzwa bimwe byerekanaga urwego rutandukanye rwo guhuza umwaka ushize.Muri byo, umusaruro w'ipine ya reberi wageze kuri miliyari 94.7, ibyo bikaba byageze kuri 2,4% umwaka ushize;moteri yasohotse yari 2,601.000 kWt, yari 11.2% umwaka ushize.